{"id":79,"date":"2022-12-27T16:12:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-27T16:12:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/?page_id=79"},"modified":"2024-05-15T19:29:50","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T19:29:50","slug":"geographic-atrophy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/science\/geographic-atrophy\/","title":{"rendered":"Geographic Atrophy"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-7dmk7-569f4c654ead79d786a0718e2ccc27d8 main_color avia-section-no-padding avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  header-img avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-79'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-72xrf-afb60f767bd7eb42426b26ea73f99622\">\n.avia-image-container.av-72xrf-afb60f767bd7eb42426b26ea73f99622 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-72xrf-afb60f767bd7eb42426b26ea73f99622 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-72xrf-afb60f767bd7eb42426b26ea73f99622 av-styling-no-styling avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-2765 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-2765 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA.png\" alt='' title='CAROLYN GA'  height=\"810\" width=\"2326\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA.png 2326w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-300x104.png 300w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-1030x359.png 1030w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-768x267.png 768w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-1536x535.png 1536w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-2048x713.png 2048w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-1500x522.png 1500w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/CAROLYN-GA-705x246.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2326px) 100vw, 2326px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-6gog7-f9f8c4afb761bb9ed48bab6dcf83dbc4 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  science-template avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-79'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-xe7z-a47afebf5e382e963163a55843bf3720 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5oyx3-c730941fa98fb6bf8476d098c3e3be54\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-5oyx3-c730941fa98fb6bf8476d098c3e3be54{\npadding-bottom:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-5oyx3-c730941fa98fb6bf8476d098c3e3be54 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-5oyx3-c730941fa98fb6bf8476d098c3e3be54 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-5oyx3-c730941fa98fb6bf8476d098c3e3be54 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-4  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Atrophie g\u00e9ographique (AG)<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-235gn-418278d91287ae66403d2c8edec347d4 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>La macula est une petite section centrale de la r\u00e9tine. Elle est responsable de la vision nette dont vous avez besoin pour lire, reconna\u00eetre les visages et conduire<sup>1<\/sup>. La d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge\u00a0(DMLA) est l\u2019une des principales causes de la perte de la vision chez les personnes de plus de 65\u00a0ans aux \u00c9tats-Unis et dans d\u2019autres pays occidentaux<sup>2<\/sup>. Aux \u00c9tats-Unis, plus de 2\u00a0millions de personnes sont atteintes de formes avanc\u00e9es de DMLA<sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>La DMLA peut \u00eatre soit une \u00abd\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge s\u00e8che\u00bb, soit une \u00abd\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge humide\u00bb. Au stade tardif de la DMLA s\u00e8che (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9e atrophie g\u00e9ographique [AG]), les cellules photosensibles de la macula, ainsi que les cellules de support sous la macula subissent une d\u00e9composition progressive et in\u00e9gale. Dans l\u2019autre forme de DMLA avanc\u00e9e, la DMLA \u00abhumide\u00bb (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9e DMLA exsudative ou n\u00e9ovasculaire), de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins anormaux se d\u00e9veloppent sous la r\u00e9tine. Du liquide peut s\u2019\u00e9couler de ces nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins<sup>1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019atrophie g\u00e9ographique\u00a0(AG) est une maladie progressive chronique et irr\u00e9versible qui peut causer des lacunes permanentes du champ visuel et\/ou rendre aveugle, et touche plus de 5\u00a0millions de personnes dans le monde<sup>1,4<\/sup>. Alors qu\u2019environ 20\u00a0% de tous les patients atteints d\u2019AG ont une acuit\u00e9 visuelle de 20\/200 (ou pire), plus de la moiti\u00e9 de tous les patients atteints d\u2019AG pr\u00e9sentent une diminution substantielle de la fonction visuelle quotidienne<sup>4,5<\/sup>, ce qui peut avoir une incidence significative sur leur qualit\u00e9 de vie. Au fur et \u00e0 mesure de sa progression, l\u2019AG peut d\u00e9truire la fov\u00e9a centrale, qui est la partie de la macula responsable de la vision fine, ce qui rend particuli\u00e8rement difficile de voir dans des conditions de faible luminosit\u00e9, de reconna\u00eetre les visages et de lire<sup>6,7<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lw87pfd0-61c8b32240904450542dd8a206d98715\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-lw87pfd0-61c8b32240904450542dd8a206d98715{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-lw87pfd0-61c8b32240904450542dd8a206d98715 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_button '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-lw87orxf-69ea53617217aff937b99d531a698a20-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_hr  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/science\/geographic-atrophy\/geographic-atrophy-videos\/'  class='avia-button av-lw87orxf-69ea53617217aff937b99d531a698a20 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-small avia-position-center avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' > cliquez ici pour des vid\u00e9os sur l\u2019atrophie g\u00e9ographique<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lc6fnzsr-b92a51b340432221371d76299b918593\">\n.avia-section.av-lc6fnzsr-b92a51b340432221371d76299b918593{\nbackground-color:#005d83;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-lc6fnzsr-b92a51b340432221371d76299b918593 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-79'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lc6g5cpe-75a229736f89d6a33bca4f9ff16bb661\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lc6g5cpe-75a229736f89d6a33bca4f9ff16bb661{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lc6g5cpe-75a229736f89d6a33bca4f9ff16bb661 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lc6g5cpe-75a229736f89d6a33bca4f9ff16bb661 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lc6g5cpe-75a229736f89d6a33bca4f9ff16bb661 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lc6g5cpe-75a229736f89d6a33bca4f9ff16bb661 av-special-heading-h3 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-9  el_before_av_toggle_container  avia-builder-el-first  questions-title'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Questions fr\u00e9quentes sur l\u2019atrophie g\u00e9ographique<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lc6fmw1d-18373b379cfd6fda9da10a7b4b8e5ce5\">\n#top .togglecontainer.av-lc6fmw1d-18373b379cfd6fda9da10a7b4b8e5ce5 p.toggler{\ncolor:#ffffff;\nbackground-color:#005d83;\n}\n#top .togglecontainer.av-lc6fmw1d-18373b379cfd6fda9da10a7b4b8e5ce5 p.toggler .toggle_icon{\ncolor:#ff681d;\nborder-color:#ff681d;\n}\n#top .togglecontainer.av-lc6fmw1d-18373b379cfd6fda9da10a7b4b8e5ce5 p.toggler .toggle_icon > span{\ncolor:#ff681d;\nborder-color:#ff681d;\n}\n#top .togglecontainer.av-lc6fmw1d-18373b379cfd6fda9da10a7b4b8e5ce5 .toggle_wrap .toggle_content{\ncolor:#ffffff;\nbackground-color:#005d83;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  id=\"common-questions\"  class='togglecontainer av-lc6fmw1d-18373b379cfd6fda9da10a7b4b8e5ce5 av-elegant-toggle  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-903f586246ceaee74ea2007540c37ee6'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-1' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-1'>Qu\u2019est-ce que la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge (DMLA)?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-1' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>La DMLA est la principale cause de perte de vision grave chez les personnes de plus de 65\u00a0ans aux \u00c9tats-Unis et dans d\u2019autres pays occidentaux<sup>3<\/sup>. Elle se caract\u00e9rise par une d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence progressive de la r\u00e9tine centrale associ\u00e9e \u00e0 une perte de la vision centrale<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-5-d15614b7c56a07c335fb1cd579bb4dc8'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-2' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-2'>Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019atrophie g\u00e9ographique (AG)?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-2' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>L\u2019atrophie g\u00e9ographique est la forme \u00ab\u00a0s\u00e8che\u00a0\u00bb du stade tardif de la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge\u00a0(DMLA)<sup>10<\/sup> (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire s\u00e8che\u00a0\u00bb). \u00c0 mesure que la forme \u00ab\u00a0s\u00e8che\u00a0\u00bb de la DMLA progresse, les cellules de la partie sensible \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re de la macula, ainsi que les cellules des structures de support (l\u2019\u00e9pith\u00e9lium pigmentaire r\u00e9tinien et le chorio-capillaire), commencent \u00e0 mourir<sup>10<\/sup>. Cette d\u00e9gradation d\u00e9bute par de petits points qui se d\u00e9veloppent en plus grosses taches. Lorsque les cellules photosensibles de la macula meurent, la personne commence \u00e0 perdre la vision de cet \u0153il. Au d\u00e9but, la personne peut remarquer des probl\u00e8mes lors de la lecture ou avec la vision nocturne<sup>9<\/sup>. Par la suite, la personne pr\u00e9sente d\u2019importantes lacunes permanentes dues \u00e0 l&rsquo;insensibilit\u00e9 de certains points de la r\u00e9tine (scotome) au centre du champ visuel. Lorsque la fov\u00e9a centrale de la macula est touch\u00e9e, la personne perd la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019avoir une vision nette, comme celle n\u00e9cessaire pour la lecture et la reconnaissance des visages<sup>9<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Il est important de noter que, bien que l\u2019AG soit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des personnes ayant une acuit\u00e9 visuelle (AV) de 20\/200 (ou pire) caus\u00e9e par une DMLA avanc\u00e9e, plus de la moiti\u00e9 de toutes les personnes qui pr\u00e9sentent une AG peuvent \u00e9prouver une d\u00e9ficience substantielle de la fonction visuelle quotidienne, ce qui peut influer de mani\u00e8re significative sur leur qualit\u00e9 de vie<sup>5,11<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-4-ef8b036c16641e27fba848a16bf7b1fe'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-3' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-3'>Quel est l\u2019\u00e2ge moyen des patients atteints d\u2019AG?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-3' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Les premiers signes de la DMLA (changements pigmentaires et drusen) sont fr\u00e9quents chez les personnes de plus de 65\u00a0ans et pr\u00e9c\u00e8dent les formes de stade avanc\u00e9<sup>10<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-4-5-db668544d2ba3b9acb37bbbb9a492ddd'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-4' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-4'>Quelles sont les causes de l\u2019AG?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-4' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Bien que les m\u00e9canismes qui causent l\u2019AG ne soient pas enti\u00e8rement compris, la cause de l\u2019AG est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme multifactorielle, avec de nombreux facteurs de risque environnementaux et g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques. Le d\u00e9r\u00e8glement de la cascade du compl\u00e9ment, qui est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment important du syst\u00e8me immunitaire de l\u2019organisme, peut jouer un r\u00f4le essentiel<sup>9<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-4-4-2b6042a0031cc944297ec3fd297255b1'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-5' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-5'>L\u2019AG est-elle une maladie h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-5' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>L\u2019AG n\u2019est pas une maladie h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire. N\u00e9anmoins, certains g\u00e8nes augmentent le risque que la DMLA d\u2019une personne progresse vers l\u2019AG<sup>12<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-4-3-825bbf78fe2557f6d3af41d528276351'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-6' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-6'>Comment l\u2019AG est-elle diagnostiqu\u00e9e?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-6' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>L\u2019AG peut \u00eatre distingu\u00e9e des autres formes de DMLA s\u00e8che par un examen ophtalmologique et une photographie en couleurs du fond de l\u2019\u0153il<sup>10<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>La tomographie par coh\u00e9rence optique (TCO) en domaine spectral et l\u2019autofluorescence du fond d\u2019\u0153il permettent une \u00e9valuation morphologique quantitative rapide et non envahissante de l\u2019AG en milieu clinique<sup>10<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-4-2-6d0a778a02d9ccaea590c3faaca399ec'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-7' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-7'>Traitement actuel de l\u2019AG<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-7' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Il n\u2019existe pas de traitement approuv\u00e9 au Canada pour pr\u00e9venir l\u2019apparition et la progression de l\u2019AG. Plusieurs produits th\u00e9rapeutiques en sont \u00e0 divers stades de d\u00e9veloppement clinique.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-lc6fontu-4-1-b1d9acfa247768292757e14123bd2a3f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Tout} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-8' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-8'>Qu\u2019est-ce que le syst\u00e8me du compl\u00e9ment?<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-8' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Le syst\u00e8me du compl\u00e9ment fait partie int\u00e9grante de notre syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense immunitaire. Chez les personnes en bonne sant\u00e9, le compl\u00e9ment orchestre la destruction et l\u2019\u00e9limination des agents pathog\u00e8nes ou des cellules du corps qui doivent \u00eatre enlev\u00e9es. Il a \u00e9galement des capacit\u00e9s pro-inflammatoires<sup>8<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019activation du compl\u00e9ment est r\u00e9gul\u00e9e pour \u00e9viter sa suractivation et pour prot\u00e9ger l\u2019organisme contre une attaque immunitaire inappropri\u00e9e. Lorsque la r\u00e9gulation est compromise, la suractivation de la cascade du compl\u00e9ment peut entra\u00eener une inflammation et une destruction cellulaire inappropri\u00e9e<sup>8<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Trois voies convergent avec le clivage du facteur de compl\u00e9ment\u00a0C<span class=\"three\">3<\/span>, ce qui induit une inflammation et marque les cellules pour la phagocytose (destruction par des globules blancs sp\u00e9ciaux). La cascade du compl\u00e9ment se poursuit avec le clivage du facteur de compl\u00e9ment\u00a0C<span class=\"three\">5<\/span>, qui d\u00e9clenche la mort cellulaire par phagocytose, inflammation, et finalement activation du complexe d\u2019attaque membranaire\u00a0(CAM) qui provoque des dommages et la mort cellulaires<sup>8<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-2916v-73da03c5f7ef7c35a553b3bd6cd5ab0b main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-79'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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srcset=\"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-congress-presos.jpg 750w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-congress-presos-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-congress-presos-705x329.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3quov-2ae4e115b4bf1db9bd300204122c16f3\">\n.flex_column.av-3quov-2ae4e115b4bf1db9bd300204122c16f3{\nwidth:48.5%;\nmargin-left:3%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3quov-2ae4e115b4bf1db9bd300204122c16f3 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr  flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3ir3n-510e79cec52a547ad9edef75923bcf02\">\n.avia-image-container.av-3ir3n-510e79cec52a547ad9edef75923bcf02 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class=\"av-image-caption-overlay-center\"><p>Recherche m\u00e9dicale<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-75 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-75 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-medical-research.jpg\" alt='' title='tile-medical-research'  height=\"350\" width=\"750\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-medical-research.jpg 750w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-medical-research-300x140.jpg 300w, https:\/\/apellismedicalhub.ca\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/tile-medical-research-705x329.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lcupgl18-db629f5a50b68a7b4922b33e9ba6d55c\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-lcupgl18-db629f5a50b68a7b4922b33e9ba6d55c{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-lcupgl18-db629f5a50b68a7b4922b33e9ba6d55c hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-19jsr-1055d98eaf5e949f3f5000feb99aadc5\">\n#top .hr.av-19jsr-1055d98eaf5e949f3f5000feb99aadc5{\nmargin-top:10px;\nmargin-bottom:30px;\n}\n.hr.av-19jsr-1055d98eaf5e949f3f5000feb99aadc5 .hr-inner{\nwidth:100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-19jsr-1055d98eaf5e949f3f5000feb99aadc5 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-fat'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-wsdv-f6650dd01eddbb10ce8c5d66a484b533 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>D\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge (DMLA). Site Web de l&rsquo;Institut national de l&rsquo;\u0153il. 2021 ; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nei.nih.gov\/learn-about-eye-health\/eye-conditions-and-diseases\/age-related-macular-degeneration\">www.nei.nih.gov\/learn-about-eye-health\/eye-conditions-and-diseases\/age-related-macular-degeneration<\/a>. Derni\u00e8re consultation le 22 juin 2021.<\/li>\n<li>En savoir plus sur la d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge. Site Web des centres de contr\u00f4le et de pr\u00e9vention des maladies. 2020 ; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/visionhealth\/resources\/features\/macular-degeneration.html\">www.cdc.gov\/visionhealth\/resources\/features\/macular-degeneration.html<\/a>. Derni\u00e8re consultation le 23 novembre 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Tableaux de d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge (DMLA). Site Web de l&rsquo;Institut national de l&rsquo;\u0153il. 2020 ; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nei.nih.gov\/learn-about-eye-health\/eye-health-data-and-statistics\/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-data-and-statistics\/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-tables\">www.nei.nih.gov\/learn-about-eye-health\/eye-health-data-and-statistics\/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-data-and-statistics\/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-tables<\/a>. Derni\u00e8re consultation le 7 f\u00e9vrier 2020.<\/li>\n<li>Sunness JS, Rubin GS, Applegate CA,<em> et\u00a0al.<\/em> Visual function abnormalities and prognosis in eyes with age related geographic atrophy of the macula and good visual acuity. <em>Ophthalmology.<\/em> 1997;104(10):1677-1691.<\/li>\n<li>Chakravarthy U, Bailey CC, Johnston RL, <em>et\u00a0al.<\/em> Characterizing Disease Burden and Progression of Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration. <em>Ophthalmology.<\/em> 2018;125(6):842-849.<\/li>\n<li>Wang P, Cottrell GW. Central and peripheral vision for scene recognition: A neurocomputational modeling exploration. <em>J Vis.<\/em> 2017;17(4):9.<\/li>\n<li>Kolb H. Simple anatomy of the retina. Site Web de Webvision. 2018; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webvision.med.utah.edu\/book\/part-i-foundations\/simple-anatomy-of-the-retina\/\">www.webvision.med.utah.edu\/book\/part-i-foundations\/simple-anatomy-of-the-retina\/<\/a>. Derni\u00e8re consultation le 30 juillet 2018.<\/li>\n<li>Murphy K, Weaver C. Innate immunity: the first lines of defense. Dans\u00a0: Janeway\u2019s Immunobiology. 9<sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0\u00e9d. Londres, Royaume-Uni\u00a0: Garland Science; 2016.<\/li>\n<li>Boyer DS, Schmidt-Erfurth U, van Lookeren Campagne M, <em>et\u00a0al.<\/em> The pathophysiology of geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration and the complement pathway as a therapeutic target. <em>Retina.<\/em> 2017;37(5):819-835.<\/li>\n<li>Vaz F, Picoto M. Geographic atrophy. AMD Book Web site. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amdbook.org\/content\/geographic-atrophy-0\">www.amdbook.org\/content\/geographic-atrophy-0<\/a> Derni\u00e8re consultation le 7 mai 2018.<\/li>\n<li>Hazel CA, Petre KL, Armstrong RA, <em>et\u00a0al.<\/em> Visual function and subjective quality of life compared in subjects with acquired macular disease. <em>Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.<\/em> 2000;41(6):1309-1315.<\/li>\n<li>Wang W, Gawlik K, Lopez J, <em>et\u00a0al.<\/em> Genetic and environmental factors strongly influence risk, severity and progression of age-related macular degeneration. <em>Signal Transduct Target Ther.<\/em> 2016;1:16016.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-wq5b-4b9aa401cfeb9f1eb02aceaf94c2a674\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-wq5b-4b9aa401cfeb9f1eb02aceaf94c2a674{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-wq5b-4b9aa401cfeb9f1eb02aceaf94c2a674 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":44,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-79","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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